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  變色龍皮膚表面周期性排列的鳥嘌呤納米晶可以選擇性反射可見光，使皮膚呈現(xiàn)虹彩結(jié)構(gòu)色。當(dāng)遇到危險(xiǎn)或刺激時(shí)，變色龍通過改變皮膚拉伸率調(diào)整顆粒間距，實(shí)現(xiàn)皮膚結(jié)構(gòu)色從紅到藍(lán)的快速轉(zhuǎn)變，這種特殊的力致變色特性引起科研工作者廣泛關(guān)注。設(shè)計(jì)制備具有明亮結(jié)構(gòu)色和高靈敏度的人工仿生變色龍皮膚已成為膠體領(lǐng)域和光物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，變色龍皮膚中相鄰鳥嘌呤納米晶之間的距離(D_s-s)和折射率對比度(Δn)對力致色變性能和結(jié)構(gòu)色飽和度具有關(guān)鍵作用。然而，目前已報(bào)道的仿生變色龍皮膚具有較小的D_s-s和Δn，導(dǎo)致材料性能存在靈敏度低，結(jié)構(gòu)色弱、穩(wěn)定性差等問題。構(gòu)建大D_s-s和Δn的非密堆積有序結(jié)構(gòu)是制備高性能人工變色龍皮膚的前提，也是一項(xiàng)巨大挑戰(zhàn)。

圖 1 人工變色龍皮膚的仿生原理及合成示意圖

  廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)材能學(xué)院楊東朋副教授和黃少銘教授團(tuán)隊(duì)受變色龍結(jié)構(gòu)啟發(fā)，從構(gòu)建非密堆積有序結(jié)構(gòu)入手，基于SiO₂膠體顆粒在聚合物中非密堆積組裝，通過改變聚合物折射率和SiO₂濃度分別調(diào)控Δn和D_s-s的策略，成功制備出靈敏度高和結(jié)構(gòu)色明亮的人工變色龍皮膚（力致色變膠體晶）。制備的人工變色龍皮膚具有優(yōu)異的力致變色性能，如波長調(diào)變范圍大(Δλ = 205 nm)、靈敏度高(3.7 nm/%)、響應(yīng)速度快(2.2 nm/ms)、穩(wěn)定性好(>1年)和可逆性佳(>100次)等。由于具有高靈敏度，制備的力致色變膠體晶可以通過輸出不同結(jié)構(gòu)色報(bào)告蚯蚓蠕動過程中皮膚應(yīng)變的變化。

圖 2 人工變色龍皮膚用于自報(bào)告蚯蚓皮膚應(yīng)變

  原文鏈接：https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsami.2c00561

  課題組近年相關(guān)工作：

  [1] Extremely sensitive mechanochromic photonic crystals with broad tuning range of photonic bandgap and fast responsive speed for high-resolution multicolor display applications, Chem. Eng. J., 2022, 132342.

  [2] Self-assembly of colloidal particles into amorphous photonic crystals, Mater. Adv., 2021, 6499 (Review).

  [3] Refractive-index-matching based encryption of photonic crystal prints with multi-stage and reconfigurable information, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 2100789.

  [4] Rapid fabrication of alcohol responsive photonic prints with changeable color contrasts for anti-counterfeiting application, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 2001905.   

  [5] Simple and efficient fabrication of multi-stage color-changeable photonic prints as anti-counterfeit labels, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2021, 590, 134.

  [6] Noniridescent structural color from enhanced electromagnetic resonances of particle aggregations and its applications for reconfigurable patterns, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2021,604, 178.

  [7] A new coding-decoding system through combining near-infrared photonic crystals and their spatial reflection spectra, J. Mater. Chem. C., 2021, 9, 4466.

  [8] Dual-modal invisible photonic crystal prints from photo/water responsive photonic crystals, Adv.Photonics Res., 2021, 2000197.

  [9] Photonic crystals with tunable lattice structures based on anisotropic metal-organic framework particles and their application in anticounterfeiting, Adv.Photonics Res., 2021, 2100246.

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