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材料表界面改性及功能化是開發(fā)材料用途，特別是開發(fā)航空航天、新能源、生物醫(yī)藥等高附加值應用的一個關鍵環(huán)節(jié)。然而鑒于材料種類多樣性所造成的表面化學性質和物理結構的巨大差異，研究和發(fā)展同時滿足基材普適性、方法簡單溫和性以及功能可控多樣性這三大特征的表界面改性技術具有巨大的挑戰(zhàn)性。

針對上述問題，陜西師范大學化學化工學院楊鵬教授課題組對天然大分子介導的材料表界面功能化進行了系統(tǒng)深入的研究，首次發(fā)現(xiàn)解折疊溶菌酶分子在氣-液、固-液界面自組裝形成的宏觀二維納米薄膜。值得強調的是，該薄膜內部具有豐富的類淀粉樣蛋白聚集體結構，而淀粉樣蛋白結構實際上代表了自然界除貽貝足絲蛋白之外的另一大類生物粘合體系。受生物體借助淀粉樣結構穩(wěn)定粘附的啟發(fā)，溶菌酶納米薄膜實現(xiàn)了快速、溫和、穩(wěn)定的表面粘附，是一種可大面積制備的多功能仿生納米界面材料。基于此，該工作創(chuàng)制出了區(qū)別于聚多巴胺體系的表面功能化新策略，克服了聚多巴胺體系改性層顯色、涂層穩(wěn)定差等缺點。

此外，可通過紫外曝光或電子束直寫，實現(xiàn)溶菌酶薄膜微/納米級的圖案化。利用化學刻蝕可將自身圖案轉移至SiO₂、Au和Cu等襯底表面，擺脫了傳統(tǒng)光刻膠旋涂、烘焙等繁瑣步驟，是一種易大規(guī)模制備且綠色環(huán)保的正性光刻膠。該工作還利用薄膜表面豐富的反應性基團，成功地合成出了圖案化的聚合物刷；又借助溶菌酶表面的正電位，基于薄膜在普適性基材表面的穩(wěn)定吸附以及易于高分辨率圖案化等特點，實現(xiàn)了膠體納米顆粒的圖案化化自組裝以及Cu、Ag的選擇性無電沉積。基于溶菌酶納米薄膜自上而下和自下而上的微/納米制造技術，不僅克服了傳統(tǒng)方法操作繁瑣、不利于圖案化、普適性低等缺點，還提高了制備過程的環(huán)境友好性，為材料表面的微/納米制造提供了一種新的途徑。

楊鵬課題組組建于2012年底，主要致力于蛋白質類淀粉樣組裝的多功能仿生界面材料及其在表界面功能化中的應用研究。經(jīng)過幾年的努力，已取得了較為豐富的研究成果，已在Macromol. Biosci. (2012, 12, 1053)、Chem. Comm. (2012, 48, 8787)、Chem. Rev. (2013, 113, 5547)、ACS Appl. Mater. Interf. (2014, 6, 3759)、Adv. Mater. Interfaces (2015, 2, 1400401)、Soft Matter (2015, 11, 3094)、Adv. Mater. (2016, 28, 579, VIP paper) 等權威學術期刊發(fā)表綜述和研究論文十余篇。

摘要快遞：

2D Protein Supramolecular Nanofilm with Exceptionally Large Area and Emergent Functions

Advanced Materials
  DOI: 10.1002/adma.201506476
  Published: 23 Jun 2016

The development of ersatile materials and engineering devices requires multifunctional conformal coatings that gains increasing interests. However, few methods can achieve a stable, large-area and colorless coating on substrates with different structure, composition and shapes. We report the one-step aqueous coating of virtually arbitrary material surfaces using self-assembled macroscopic bionanofilm made by pure lysozyme. The unfolding and subsequent phase transition of commercially available lysozyme initiates the spontaneous formation of 2D amyloid-like nanofilm at a vapor/liquid or liquid/solid interface with a macro-scale size (e.g. 20 inches in diagonal) and shape in a few minutes. The attachment of the nanofilm onto various surfaces could be accordingly achieved by the amyloid-mediated adhesion, and the robust adhesion stability supports the nanofilm to safely pass the adhesive tape peeling test. The nanofilm coating displays competitive advantages over existing alternatives including controlled thickness from nano to micro-scale, colorless and optical transparency, stable bonding strength, ordered internal and surface morphology, as well as thermal/chemical stability. Multifunctions on the nanofilm coating have been demonstrated through great implications in both top-down and bottom-up micro/nano-scale interfacial engineering including surface modification, all-water-based photo/electron beam-lithography and electroless deposition. This finding deciphers an unbeknown interfacial assembly function for proteins that is useful to achieve a 2D biological material with the properties being useful in practical implications.

鏈接: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/adma.201506476/abstract